Awesome Vim cheat sheet

Mode

insert
normal
visual
command

Insert mode

i
- insert before the cursor
I
- insert before the start of line
a
- append after the cursor
A
- append at the end of line

Normal mode

<ESC>

Visual mode

v
- select a char
V
- select a line
Ctrl + v
- visual block mode

Command mode

: + <command>

1
2
3

:wq
:cq
:set rnu

Cursor movement

Char

h (left)
j (down)
k (up)
l (right)
Combile with number to move, 2k to jump 2 lines up
Relative line numbers :set rnu

Word

w or W
- jump forwards to the start of a word
e or E
- jump forwards to the end of a word
b or B
- jump backwards to the start of a word
Capital case can contain punctuation

Single line

$ - end of line
^ - start of the line after the indentation
0 - move to the column 0

Text Object motion

{}
- paragraphs forward/backward
()
- sentences forward/backward
[]
- backward/forward sections

Pair

%
- go to the match bracket

Screen

H
- move to top of screen
M
- move to middle of screen
L
- move to bottom of screen

File

gg
- Start
G
- end of file
:<absolute-line-numbers>
- move to the absolute line

Scroll

zt
- scroll current line to top
zb
- scroll current line to bottom
zz
- scroll current line to middle

Search

Search char in single line

f/F
- find char, forward/backward
- abcABCabc, fC to find middle C
t/T
- Go to previous char before the char, forward/backward
- foo.bar<> , move to r by t<
;
- Repeat t/T/f/F
,
- Reverse t/T/f/F

Search in file

/
- Search forward
?
- Search backward
n and N
- next and previous
*, #
- search next/previous current word
- The behavior is identical to /word

Edit

Undo/Redo
- u / Ctrl+r

Insert

insert line before/after the current line
- o, O
join two line (keep mode)
- J

Copy

y + motion
- combine with any motion, e.g. yt; or yw
yy = Y
- yank (copy) the current line

Paste from clipboard registry

p
- paste after
P
- paste before

Cut and switch to insert mode

c + motion
- Cut
C
- Cut to end of line
s
- Substitute the char under the cursor
S
- Substitube the line
r
- replace a char
R
- Enter the insert-replace mode

Cut and keep in normal mode

d
- d3j or 3dd
D
- Delete to end of the line
dd
- Delete the entire line
x and X
- delete and backspace

inside / around

# edit neariest word inside symbol, e.g. }
ci}

# edit neariest word outside symbol, e.g. ]
ca]

# delete inside tag
dit

# replace word with yanked word
vi]p

Repeat action

repeat action
- .

Macro

q + a~z
- record macro to a~z
normal mode + q to quit recording
@ + a~z to excute macro

Bookmark

m + a~z
- bookmark current location to a~z
' + a~z
- go to a~z bookmark
''
- go to the last position

Registers

" + a~z 0~9 "+*/:%-
- :reg see all registers
- " the default(unnamed) register
- 0 the default register for y(yank)
- +, * the system clipboard
- / the latest search keyword
- : the latest used command
- % the current file path
- # the last edited file

“adw : delete the word and save to register a

===

Registers - Advance

"0p - paste from last yank
Use the register in the Search and Command mode
- ctrl + r + <register>

*:%s/<ctrl+r>//abc/gc to replace the lastest search keyword(*) to abc with confirmation dialog

Change multi line

Ctrl + v to enter Visual block mode
Move cursor to select lines that need to be edited
Shift + i
#
Esc

# increase the first right number in the line
Ctrl + A

# decrease the first right number in the line
Ctrl + X

# Make a word uppercase
gUe

# Show Line numbers
:set number

# Set relative line number
:set rnu

# get recent command list
q:

# Replace word A with word B
:%s/A/B/g

More…and more

ctrl+o
- previous jump position
ctrl+i
- next jump position
g;
- previous Change position
g,
- next Change position

vim X IDE

Setup

Ideavim
1. click the V icon on the right bottom corner
2. open ~/.ideavimrc
3. edit and save
VScode

Reference

Get the difference before saving in vim

1	:w !diff % -

w without filename will output to stdin
! will excute bash in vim
% is current file in vim
diff with - will read content from stdin